BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Acute rejection remains a problem in renal transplantation. This study sought to determine the utility of a noninvasive cytokine assay in screening of acute rejection. DESIGN, SETTING,…
Leonardo Riella06/2012
Transplant glomerulitis is associated with suboptimal graft function. To understand its pathogenesis and to assess the parameters of potential prognostic value, we immunostained 25 paraffin-embedded allograft biopsies showing glomerulitis for…
Leonardo Riella01/2012
Fetomaternal tolerance has been shown to depend both on regulatory T cells (Tregs) and negative signals from the PD1-PDL1 costimulatory pathway. More recently, IL-17-producing T cells (Th17) have been recognized…
Leonardo Riella11/2011
The Notch signaling pathway has been recently shown to contribute to T cell differentiation in vitro. However, the in vivo function of Notch signaling in transplantation remains unknown. In this…
Leonardo Riella11/2011
Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in T cell differentiation. Delta-like ligand (Dll)4, one of five known Notch ligands, has been implicated in regulating Th2 cell differentiation in animal…
Leonardo Riella09/2011
The programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1)/programmed death 1 (PD1) costimulatory pathway plays an important role in the inhibition of alloimmune responses as well as in the induction and maintenance of…
Leonardo Riella08/2011
Programmed death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a coinhibitory molecule that negatively regulates multiple tolerance checkpoints. In the NOD mouse model, PD-L1 regulates the development of diabetes. PD-L1 has two binding…
Leonardo Riella08/2011
It is believed that blocking positive T-cell co-stimulatory pathways should lead to long-term graft acceptance. Despite the exciting initial achievements in experimental animal models, targeting co-stimulatory pathways has shown to…
Leonardo Riella08/2011
Hypophosphatemia is a common complication after kidney transplant, affecting >90% of patients. However, no specific recommendations for phosphate repletion exist for transplant recipients. We report a case of a 70-year-old…
Leonardo Riella04/2011