Publications

CD4+ CD28 Negative Cells: Armed and Dangerous.

CD28 is a well-characterized co-stimulatory molecule that interacts with CD80/86 on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), comprising the critical signal 2 of T cell activation. Targeting CD28 has become an important immunosuppressive…

Leonardo Riella01/2016

Blog Rejection

Alemtuzumab for refractory rejection: what is the data?

For severe or refractory rejections, thymoglobulin/ATG is commonly employed in combination with steroids and B-cell targeted therapies when indicated. However, alemtuzumab could be more effective then thymoglobulin since it depletes…

Leonardo Riella09/2015

Blog Recipient Evaluation

Stress test in renal transplant candidates: is it really predictive?

One controversial aspect in the evaluation of potential kidney recipients is the performance of stress tests for risk stratification. With the cost of stress tests ranging from U$2,500-5,000 and the long waiting…

Leonardo Riella09/2015

Blog Living Kidney Donor

What is the expected kidney function of a patient after donating a kidney?

A 31 year-old healthy male donated his kidney to his mother who had IgA nephropathy. Prior to donation, his creatinine was 1.08 mg/dl. One year after donation, his creatinine is…

Leonardo Riella08/2015

Editorials/Perspectives Publications

Testing for High-Risk APOL1 Alleles in Potential Living Kidney Donors

Accurate risk assessment is critical when evaluating potential living kidney donors. High-risk kidney APOL1 variants have been associated with end-stage renal disease of multiple causes among African Americans, though the predictive power…

Leonardo Riella07/2015

Allograft Dysfunction Blog Recurrent Disease Post-Transplant

Recurrence of Kappa monoclonal gammopathy after kidney transplantation

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis on kidney biopsy. Monoclonal gammopathies generally arise from the development of an abnormal clone of B-cell lineage. The monoclonal protein can be intact immunoglogulin (often associated with free…

Leonardo Riella06/2015

Blog Malignancies Post-Transplant

Post-transplant malignancy 101

What are the most common type of cancers in kidney transplant recipients? Post-transplant malignancy The four most common cancers are: non-melanoma skin cancers, Kaposi’s sarcoma, kidney cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Compared…

Leonardo Riella04/2015

Blog Infections Post-Transplant

Hepatitis B and kidney transplantation

Prior HBV infection is not a contraindication to kidney transplantation. Hepatitis B Virus It is critical to evaluate patients with serologies and HBV DNA viral load prior to transplant. Most patients…

Leonardo Riella04/2015

Blog Medical Complications Post-Transplant

Pregnancy after Kidney Transplantation – Hope with Caution…

Pregnancy after Kidney Transplantation While end-stage kidney disease is associated with a high rate of infertility likely related to hormonal changes and anovulation, patients undergoing renal transplantation resume menstrual cycles…

Leonardo Riella04/2015

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